HUMAN
PERFORMANCE
PSYCHOLOGY
FROM SPORTS, TO THE ARTS AND BEYOND
what is it?
Human Performance Psychology originally emerged from sports psychology, which was developed to help athletes improve their performance under pressure.
It is much more than just motivational exercises or simple conversations about “thinking positively.” As a performance psychologist, my approach is rooted in scientific evidence and advanced techniques, aimed at enhancing your mental, emotional, and physiological abilities. And yes, it goes well beyond standard mental coaching: it focuses on understanding the mental and emotional patterns that influence performance. This involves truly listening to the individual and using methods that not only prepare them for immediate challenges but also provide long-term tools for excellence, fostering independence and offering support even in the aftermath of injuries.
The early influences of this field came from the military, where mental resilience, focus, and stress management in high-pressure situations were critical (Weinberg & Gould, 2018). These concepts were later adapted for athletes to help them perform at their best both in training and competition. As the field evolved, advancements in neuroscience deepened our understanding of the brain's role in performance, particularly in emotional regulation, cognitive focus, and the ability to stay calm under pressure (Ericsson, 2016). Research and recent findings have transformed performance psychology into a multidisciplinary field, now applied not only in sports but also in the arts, the workplace, and everyday life situations.
aree
PERFORMANCE UNDER PRESSURE & OPTIMIZATION
My specialization is helping individuals perform at their best in high-pressure situations, such as sports competitions, concerts, or critical exams. Through techniques like the S.F.E.R.A. model and mindfulness, I assist people in optimizing their performance and achieving mental and physical balance, while reducing the impact of stress.
REHABILITATION
In the recovery process from an injury or trauma, the mental component plays a crucial role. Beyond physical recovery, it is essential to work on psychological resilience, helping athletes and performers overcome the fear of returning to the stage or competition.
TEAM BUILDING, COMMUNICATION & LEADERSHIP
In contexts where group collaboration is essential, such as in a sports team or an orchestra, performance psychology can be crucial for improving team cohesion and enhancing leadership. Techniques for managing group dynamics, interpersonal communication, and setting common goals can help build a stronger and more synergistic team.
CONCENTRATION IMPROVEMENT
The ability to mentally focus during critical situations is one of the keys to success. Through personalized mental training and the use of specific techniques like self-talk and mental practice, I help individuals improve their focus and maintain attention on what matters most.
RESILIENCE & PERSONAL GROWTH
Beyond its immediate applications for performance, performance psychology helps individuals develop the mental resilience needed to face life's challenges. By working on motivation and self-regulation, it is possible to cultivate positive mental habits that promote long-term growth
MODEL & THEORIES OF PERFORMANCE PSYCHOLOGY
Performance Psychology employs various theoretical models to help athletes, artists, and professionals enhance their abilities under pressure, and to support their careers even after injuries:
​
-
S.F.E.R.A.© Model
The S.F.E.R.A. model, developed by Giuseppe Vercelli, analyzes performance through five components: Synchrony, Strengths, Energy, Rhythm, and Activation. This approach helps optimize the connection between mind and body, enabling better management of emotional and physical resources. Widely used in sports and performing arts, it aids in maintaining effective mental control even in high-pressure situations (Vercelli, 2009). -
Flow
The concept of Flow, theorized by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, describes a state of complete immersion and concentration in an activity, where individuals perform at their best without perceiving effort. This "flow" state occurs when challenge and skill are perfectly balanced, resulting in seamless and uninterrupted performance (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990). -
PETTLEP Model
The PETTLEP model is a framework for mental imagery, based on seven components (physical, environment, task, timing, learning, emotion, and perspective). By mentally simulating the performance with realistic details, this model activates the same brain areas involved in real execution, enhancing psychological preparation and performance (Holmes & Collins, 2001). -
Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning (IZOF)
Yuri Hanin's IZOF theory emphasizes that each individual has their own “optimal zone” of emotional arousal, where they perform at their best. This zone is highly subjective, so personalizing emotional regulation techniques is key to achieving peak performance (Hanin, 2000). -
Self-Determination Theory (SDT)
The Self-Determination Theory (SDT) by Deci and Ryan highlights how intrinsic motivation—driven from within—is crucial for improving performance. Feeling autonomous, competent, and socially supported not only boosts success but also fosters long-term psychological well-being and personal growth (Deci & Ryan, 2000).
​
Do you want to discover more? Get in touch!
references
-
Biasutti, M. (2017). Flow and optimal experience in elite musicians and top athletes. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 698.
-
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. Harper & Row.
-
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268.
-
Ericsson, K. A. (2006). The influence of experience and deliberate practice on the development of superior expert performance. In K. A. Ericsson, N. Charness, P. J. Feltovich, & R. R. Hoffman (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of expertise and expert performance (pp. 683-703). Cambridge University Press.
-
Hanin, Y. L. (2000). Individual zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) model: Emotion-performance relationships in sport. Handbook of Sport Psychology, 2, 653-673.
-
Holmes, P., & Collins, D. (2001). The PETTLEP approach to motor imagery: A functional equivalence model for sport psychologists. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 13(1), 60-83.
-
Mazzon, L., Passarotto, E., Altenmüller, E., & Vercelli, G. (2023). Music performance anxiety and the Italian sport psychology S.F.E.R.A. model. Psychology of Music, 1–18.
-
Vercelli, G. (2009). Vincere con la mente. Ponte alle Grazie.
-
Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2018). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (7th ed.). Human Kinetics.